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    公开号:AT510135A1
    申请号:T0117910
    申请日:2010-07-12
    公开日:2012-01-15
    发明作者:Hado Dipl Ing Dr Heckmann；Josef Dipl Ing Stockinger
    申请人:Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    • • • • · 2010P13730AT 1
    Description Name of the invention
    Process for producing carbon particle-containing pellets. Field of technology
    The invention relates to a process for the production of carbon particles containing compacts, the resulting compacts and the use of the compacts in process for producing pig iron in a fixed bed or in processes for the preparation of Kohlenstoffträgem for processes for pig iron production in a fixed bed.
    State of the art
    In processes for pig iron production in a fixed bed, for example in melter gasifiers, or in processes for the production of carbon carriers for processes for producing pig iron in a fixed bed, for example coke production for blast furnaces, pellets containing carbon particles, for example briquettes, must have some after discharge from the press Have fall and crush resistance. The drop resistance is required so that the original size of the compacts in the course of charging in a process without prejudice to inevitable falls, for example when transferring from one to another conveyor belt or when charging in a material bunker, as much as possible. Compressive strength is required to maintain the original size of the compacts after being charged into a material bunker or fixed bed reactor, despite pressure exerted by superposed layers of material.
    These strength requirements are also summarized under the term cold strength.
    In addition to the cold strength and the hot strength of compacts - especially when used in thermal processes - a criterion for their suitability for use. In the particular case of using fine particles containing carbon particles in pig iron production processes, such as in a melter gasifier or blast furnace, the term hot strength refers to a) the strength of the semi-coke or coke particles remaining after pyrolysis of the pellets in a high-temperature zone, and b) the strength of these semi-coke or coke particles after chemical attack by a
    2010P13730AT • »ι *« • t · · · * · · »« 2 hot, CO 2 -containing gas. A minimum level of hot strength allows the size of these particles, which is present after the conversion of the compacts by pyrolysis in semicoke or coke particles, to be largely retained.
    In processes for producing pig iron in a fixed bed, the development of undersize particles or coke particles prior to charging in a fixed bed or within a fixed bed is undesirable, because this deteriorates the permeability of the fixed bed. In the particular case of a process for the production of pig iron this concerns both the gas permeability and the drainage behavior of the fixed bed with respect to the molten pig iron and the slag. If the permeability of the fixed bed deteriorates, adverse effects on its productivity, its specific energy requirement and its product quality are to be expected.
    From WO 02 / 50219A1 it is known to produce compacts with sufficient cold strength from fine-grained carbon particles by means of a binder system of quicklime and molasses. Here, fine-grained coal particles of fine coal and quicklime are mixed, the mixture for the purpose of progressing the quenching reaction with moisture from the coal particles rest, then added molasses, kneaded the resulting mixture and finally pressed from her pellets.
    There are coals which show an extraordinarily high water absorption capacity, in particular characterized by a high inherent moisture content. For use in pig iron production, however, the moisture content of the compacts should not be too high, ie at a maximum of 7% by weight. This is because this moisture is energetically stressful when using the pellets for pig iron production or for the production of carbon carriers for processes for pig iron production, since the moisture content of the compacts of the specific consumption of Kohlenstoffträgem increases significantly. Therefore, coals whose moisture is higher must be dried before processing into compacts. In addition to the unwetted pore volume already present in the undried coal, the expulsion of water from cavities during drying produces additional pore volume. The unwetted pore volume can absorb a corresponding amount of water or aqueous media. Of course, the additional pore volume can again absorb water or aqueous medium. Moreover, certain coals also tend to have extra pore volume due to grain damage, especially during intense drying. "" ι «· * * * * I ti ···» f «*
    Generate 2010P13730AT 3. When a coal with a high water absorption capacity is dried to an acceptable moisture content before the use of the process for the production of compacts described in WO 02/50219 A1, a large additional pore volume is generated. Therefore, a dried carbon particle sucks a significant portion of the molasses needed to form a bond on the particle surface, which is to be understood as an aqueous solution, into its pores. Therefore, for such coals with commonly used molasses additions of 10 weight percent, based on the weight of the coal to be processed, sufficient strength for the compacts can not be achieved. Nevertheless, in order to be able to produce compacts with sufficient strength on the basis of molasses binders, it is necessary to omit the generation of unwetted pore volume by drying or to add more molasses than is absorbed by the pore volume and therefore not to bind to the Surface of the carbon particles is available
    However, these measures are undesirable for reasons of process economy.
    Even with naturally less moist coals, which do not have to be dried to achieve a moisture content of the compacts of at most 7% by weight, some of the molasses is absorbed into the pores of the carbon particles. Molasses, however, contains components which catalyze a reaction of carbon with hot, CO 2 -containing gases, whereby, especially in the hot zones, a fixed bed serving to produce pig iron at temperatures > 800-1000 ° C, depending on the pressure, the extent of conversion of solid carbon with CO 2 increases according to Boudouard reaction. As a result, the hot-strength of molten-treated compacts is relieved by pebble-derived coke particles.
    The use of bitumen as a binder proposed in WO9901583A1 does not pose such problems associated with molasses. However, the production of pellets with bitumen is associated with very high binder costs.
    The use of an aqueous bitumen emulsion as a binder system proposed in AT005765U1 reduces bitumen consumption by more than 50%. In practice, however, it has been shown that the activated carbons absorb moisture significantly above • *
    In order to produce stable compacts when using such bitumen emulsions, it must be 5% by weight. There is also the problem that pores present in the carbon particles can absorb aqueous bitumen emulsion or deprive the emulsion of water and thus destabilize it due to droplet coalescence, before a substantially uniform distribution of the emulsion within the material to be processed into compacts and, accordingly, uniform Wetting of the particle surface can be done by the emulsion. This reduces the effectiveness of the emulsion as a binder. 10 Summary of the invention
    Technical task
    The object of the present invention is to provide a process for the production of compacts, in which these disadvantages of the prior art are overcome, 15 and compacts with sufficient green and hot strength even with the use of carbon particles, which must be pre-dried, using one opposite known method smaller amount of a water-containing binder system can be produced. 20 Technical solution
    This object is achieved by a method for producing a compact containing carbon particles, in which the coal particles are mixed with a water-containing binder system and the resulting mixture is further processed by pressing into compacts, characterized in that prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system at least a subset of the carbon particles is subjected to at least two impregnation steps in which it is impregnated with at least one substance. Advantageous effect of the invention
    During the impregnation, the substance either penetrates into the pores of the carbon particles and accordingly prevents the penetration of components of the aqueous binder system by filling in the pore space. Or the substance settles in the * ft
    Ift · 2010P13730AT 5
    Exit points of the pores on the carbon particle surface, also called pore necks, and prevents by this clogging of the pore necks penetration of components of the aqueous binder system in the pores.
    In this way it is prevented that aqueous binder system, which is needed on the coal surface for binding purposes, can no longer fulfill these binding purposes after penetration into the pores. Accordingly, as compared with a method in which aqueous binder system can penetrate the pores, the amount of aqueous binder system required is reduced. The aqueous binder system may contain one or more other components besides water.
    The impregnation step may consist of steaming the carbon particles with the substance, spraying the carbon particles with the substance, mixing the substance into a moving bed of carbon particles, or mixing the substance into a fluidized bed of the carbon particles.
    It may be subjected to at least two impregnation steps, a subset or all of the coal particles to be processed into compacts. There may also be three, twenty four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more impregnation steps. If the total amount of carbon particles to be processed into compacts is subjected to at least two impregnation steps, the above-described effects of the impregnation will occur in the total amount of coal particles to be processed into compacts. When a subset of the coal particles to be processed into compacts is subjected to at least two impregnation steps, less impregnating agent is consumed than when impregnating the total amount of coal particles to be processed into compacts. However, the above-described effects of impregnation occur in the subset and thus contribute to an improvement in the characteristics of the compact.
    A first impregnation will improve the efficiency and / or durability of a subsequent impregnation. With only one impregnation step, the effect produced by the impregnation may decrease with increasing age of the pellets - for example, such that the briquette becomes smaller than the bristle. *** " «
    2010P13730AT 6 some time brittle behavior. Deterioration of the effects caused by impregnation may have been caused, for example, by incomplete sealing of the pores by the impregnating agent or detachment of the impregnating agent from the pore walls, for example due to cooling and / or contraction.
    If two impregnation steps are carried out, such effects can be reduced or prevented. It is particularly advantageous if different impregnating agents are used for the first and second impregnation step. For example, in the second impregnation step, penetration and, subsequently, occlusion of pores which were still incomplete or not sealed after the first impregnation step can take place - for example because the impregnation agent in the second impregnation step has a different viscosity and / or different wetting properties from the carbon particles.
    It may be advantageous if a subset or the total amount of coal particles to be processed into compacts is subjected to more than two impregnation steps. Unopened or unwetted pores remaining after a preceding impregnation step may be impregnated or wetted or sealed in one of the subsequent impregnation steps.
    The carbon particles can be impregnated in all impregnation steps with the same substance. In various impregnation steps, various substances can be used.
    In one embodiment, the substance impregnated with the carbon particles in at least one of the impregnation steps is water.
    Then, in the impregnation step, water is sucked into the pores which, as a result, no longer tend to absorb components of the aqueous binder system supplied to the carbon particles after the impregnation step. As a result, in previous methods, components sucked into pores and thus rendered ineffective for binding the compacts can make a contribution to binding the compacts.
    By limiting the proportion of water-impregnated compacts in a feed mixture for a pig iron production process in combination with * »t * *» t * · · * i · »i * * * * * · • * * * * * * * * «* # · *» ≪ 2010P13730AT 7
    Carbon carriers having a low moisture content than these compacts can limit the water input into the pig iron production process to an acceptable level. According to another embodiment, the substance with which carbon particles are impregnated in at least one of the impregnation steps is a water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance.
    If the pores are filled with such a substance in the impregnation step and the pore walls are coated with such substances, the tendency of the pores to absorb 10 components of the aqueous binder system decreases. Will the
    Exit points of the pores on the carbon particle surface of such substances closed, no components of the aqueous binder system can penetrate more into the pores. As a result, previously sucked into pores and thus ineffective for the binding of the compacts components contribute to the binding of the 15 compacts afford.
    The water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance preferably belongs to the group of substances consisting of waxes, organic coking or refinery products, as well as plastics or plastic waste. It may also be used oil. These substances are usually available in large quantities at low cost.
    The impregnation step is advantageously carried out at a temperature at which the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance is liquid, in particular liquid. As viscous in this sense, liquids are considered whose viscosity is at least 1 Pas, and a maximum of 100 Pas, for example, 10 Pas. In these conditions, the substance spreads on the surface of the carbon particles and penetrates into the exit points of the pores but hardly into the interior of the pores. As a result, the consumption of the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance in the impregnation step is kept low. Advantageously, the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance solidifies on cooling in the exit points of the pores on the coal particle surface. *
    2010P13730AT
    !
    According to another embodiment, the substance with which carbon particles are impregnated in at least one of the impregnation steps is an aqueous solution of a substance or a mixture of substances. For example, it is molasses, which is an aqueous solution of a mixture of carbohydrates and other natural products. In principle, dissolved substances of all kinds, which improve the hot strength and cold strength of the compacts, can be used, for example starch or lignin bases from waste liquors of pulp production.
    It is preferred to use solutions of substances or mixtures of substances which are converted to water-insoluble substances by heat treatment and / or reaction with the carbon particles. This ensures that the effects caused by these substances or substance mixtures are not diminished by being dissolved in the water of the binder system containing water and flushed out of the pores. According to another embodiment, the substance with which the carbon particles are impregnated in at least one of the impregnation steps is an aqueous suspension of solid colloids, the solid having water-repellent properties. Examples include suspensions of colloidal talc, graphite or waxes in water. If the solids settle in the pores or in the pore necks, the entry of water-containing binder systems is made more difficult due to the high surface tension of the water-repellent solids.
    According to a further embodiment, the substance with which the Kohlepartikei are impregnated in at least one of the impregnation steps, an emulsion containing on the one hand water 25 and on the other hand carbonaceous substances such as bitumens, raw tars obtained from hard coal, pitches, waxes, oils.
    Upon penetration of such emulsions into the pores, the carbonaceous substances are deposited in thin layers on the pore surface. During pyrolysis, carbon films are formed from these thin layers. These reduce the reactivity of the compact to hot C02-containing gases compared to an embodiment in which no thin layers of the substances are deposited in the pores. This is because the carbon layers formed from the substances contain little or no catalytically active substances with respect to reaction with hot CO 2 -containing gases. In contrast, the 35 carbon particles or the material that is to be processed into compacts contain catalytic "" 4 * • 2010P13730AT '* " 9 ...... acting compounds, for example iron or alkalis. Accordingly, the reactivity of a compact whose surface and pores are covered with a carbon layer resulting from the substances is lower than that of a compact without such a carbon layer.
    When coal particles are used, which require pre-drying before processing into compacts, it is advantageous for economic reasons not to advance the drying substantially below 5% by weight of moisture, ie to a maximum of 4% by weight of moisture. As a result, the formation of additional pore volume is limited as a result of the drying and taken accordingly less substance in the impregnation of pores. Accordingly, less substance is consumed in the impregnation step. In addition, less equipment and energy expense must be operated for drying.
    The lower limit of the amount of substance added in the impregnation step, called impregnating agent, is 0.5% by weight, preferably 1% by weight, the upper limit is 5% by weight, preferably 3% by weight, more preferably 2% by weight, based on the weight of the compacts to be processed good, so the coal particles. Addition of more than 5% by weight of impregnating agent does not make economic sense. If less than 0.5% by weight of impregnating agent is added, impregnation is no longer effective.
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the binder system contains molasses as well as quicklime or hydrated lime. It can also consist of these components.
    According to other embodiments, the binder system contains molasses in combination with strong inorganic acids, such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid.
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the binder system contains an emulsion of bitumen in water. It can also consist of such an emulsion. 10
    2010P13730AT
    According to further embodiments, the binder system contains products from waste liquors of pulp production, starches, cellulose, beet pulp, waste paper pulp, groundwood, or long-chain polyelectrolytes such as carboxymethylcelluiose.
    Since quicklime or hydrated lime binder systems have the disadvantage that quicklime CaO and hydrated lime Ca (OH) 2 increase the reactivity of the pellets against hot C02-haitigen gases due to catalytic activity, the embodiments without quicklime or hydrated lime have the advantage of compacts compared to lower To provide reactivity.
    According to one embodiment of the method according to the invention, iron or iron oxide-containing particles are also processed in a mixture with the carbon particles.
    According to a particular embodiment of the inventive method, the compacts are subjected to a heat treatment after the pressing.
    The heat treatment is carried out at a temperature higher than the pressure. The heat treatment causes a drying and / or hardening of the compacts. The heat treatment can be carried out at temperatures of preferably 250 ° C and 350 ° C, at which irreversible chemical processes can convert binder components. For example, water-soluble binder components can be converted to water-insoluble compounds.
    The compounds formed in such conversions can contribute to the strength of the compacts.
    In the case of a molasses-containing binder system, for example, a conversion of molasses by caramelization.
    According to a particular embodiment of the inventive method, the carbon particles are subjected to a heat treatment after the impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system.
    The heat treatment causes a drying. In the event that solutions or emulsions are present in the pores, the heat treatment additionally causes a concentration of the solutions, suspensions or emulsions and, accordingly, an 11
    2010P13730AT
    Coating of the pore walls with dissolved, suspended or emulsified components. These may, in addition to the aqueous binder system added thereafter, contribute to increased hot strength and cold strength of the compacts. Furthermore, the heat treatment can effect the conversion of the coating of the pore walls initially formed as a result of the heat treatment into water-insoluble compounds, or compounds which reduce the reactivity of the carbon particles towards hot C02-containing gases. The maximum temperature of the heat treatment is limited by the pyrolysis of the carbon particles 10 and is 350 ° C. The lower limit for the temperature in this heat treatment is 150 ° C.
    If the same water-containing emulsion used for the impregnation is used as the water-containing binder system, the amount added in the impregnation step is less than the amount of water-containing binder system added during the subsequent mixing. For example, when using bitumen in water - emulsion in the impregnation step and as a binder system is carried out in the impregnation step, an addition of 2 -3% by weight, while added as a binder later 7-10% by weight 20.
    The same applies if the same aqueous solution of a substance or a mixture of substances is used for the impregnation, as it is used as the water-containing binder system. For example, when using molasses in the impregnation step and as a binder system is carried out in the impregnation step 25 addition of 3 to 5% by weight, while later added as a binder system 6 to 8% by weight. The limits of the specified ranges are included.
    In these cases, after the addition in the impregnation step, a heat treatment is necessary to remove the carrier liquid water so far that the emulsified substances or the dissolved substances settle in the pores or the pore necks. As a result, the pores are occupied or the pore necks are blocked. Overall, therefore, less water-containing binder system is required for the production of the compacts as in a production without impregnation step. 12
    2010P13730AT
    The processing into compacts after the impregnation steps can be carried out by known methods, for example as described in WO 02 / 50219A1 or in AT005765U1, or by any method suitable for processing coal particles with a water-containing binder system into compacts.
    An addition of water-containing binder systems according to the invention after the impregnation steps with a water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance in the production of compacts reduces the process costs compared to conventional methods such as according to W002 / 50219A1. The avoidance of carbon uptake during the manufacture of briquettes with binder systems containing water, on the one hand, reduces specific coal consumption in pig iron production processes using the briquettes or coke obtained therefrom, since less water from the binder system is present in the briquette and correspondingly less energy must be spent for its evaporation. On the other hand, occurring in conventional processes for the production of compacts due to the absorption of water from the binder system need for post-drying of the compacts when using the method can be omitted, or the drying effort can be reduced, resulting in an energy saving results. Accordingly, since the provision or operation of devices for post-drying can be dispensed with, or the dimensions of the devices and the cost of their operation can be reduced, this is equivalent to operating cost and investment cost reduction.
    As an additional advantageous effect of the impregnation steps, depending on the nature of the substance used for the impregnation, a reduction in the CO 2 reactivity of the resulting after pyrolysis of the compacts in a melter carburetor or the cokes obtained from compacts may result. A low CO 2 reactivity is desired in the operation of a Schmetzetzvergasers so that the semi-coke in the fixed bed of the melter gasifier or coke in a fixed bed of a blast furnace remain stable from the charge on the bed surface until reaching the immediate gasification zone in the area of the oxygen nozzles or the tuyeres and thereby promoting the permeability of the fixed bed in relation to the gassing and the drainage of molten phases. The reduction in the CO.sub.2 reactivity of the coke or coke is achieved by the fact that the inner surface of the pores 4 *. The carbon particles in the pressed product can no longer be coated by the impregnation with a binder which contains reactivity-promoting substances. For example, the binder component molasses contains alkalis as reactivity-promoting substances. If the impregnation, for example with substances containing bitumen or waxes, prevents molasses coating the inner surface of the pores, the CO.sub.2 reactivity is thus reduced compared to semi-coke or coke obtained by a process without impregnation step.
    A minor fraction of undersized coke is often added to the feed coal in the COREX® or FINEX® process for producing pig iron in a fixed bed of a melter gasifier in order to improve the permeability of the fixed bed. When using compacts according to the invention, or from such produced coke, softening of the coke or coke particles is inhibited by hot CO 2 and thus counteracts a disintegration of the particles. With a fixed bed packed from pyrolysis-derived semicarbons packed in accordance with the invention, a significantly better gas permeability and a better drainage behavior of the fixed bed are made possible than in the prior art. The improvement in the reactivity of the semi-coke therefore makes it possible to reduce or even avoid coke addition to COREX® or FINEX® feed coal
    In the field of coking technology, the quality of the coke produced therefrom is known to be improved by increasing the bulk density of the feed coal. The use of many carburets for the production of metallurgical coke is even possible by a compression of the feed coal. In addition to stamped coking plants, process variants were developed for coking plants in bulk operation, which provided for briquetting or partial briquetting of the feed coal. From today's perspective, however, briquetting with bituminous binders for economic reasons, hot briquetting or briquetting with coal tar-based binder for health reasons, and briquetting with molasses or similar binders because of the entry of undesirable substances in the coke problematic.
    The inventive method for the production of compacts makes it possible, even in the production of coke using compacts of the starting materials the
    2010P13730AT 14
    To reduce consumption of binder or to curb the harmful effects of reactivity-promoting binder components.
    The compacts may be, for example, briquettes or slugs from a compaction.
    The compacts contain up to 97% by weight of carbon particles, and up to 15% by weight of components of a binder system, as well as, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts
    Carbon particles, water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substances, or solids having water-repellent properties, in an amount whose lower limit is 0.5% by weight, preferably 1% by weight, and whose upper limit is 5% by weight, preferably 3% by weight, particularly preferably 2% by weight %, is
    The 15% by weight of the components of a binder system are to be understood as meaning that the water is not included as a component of the binder system, ie the 15% by weight relates to the nonaqueous components of the binder system.
    According to one embodiment, the compact also contains iron or iron oxide-containing particles. Such particles can originate, for example, from dusts or sludges produced in the production of pig iron or steel.
    Description of embodiments
    Table 1 shows the evaluation of tests for the production of compacts with regard to the drop resistance (SF) and the puncture strength (PDF) of the pellets during a test campaign. In this case, the compacts are produced by the process according to the invention with impregnation of a subset of the carbon particles with two impregnation steps, or with an impregnation step. The compacts are briquettes. * «* + *» * · «* * T ► I 14 4« + * «* I *« 1 4 «f 1« kt * * I «» * 4 2010P13730AT ..... 15 .... ..
    As the water-containing binder system, a system consisting of molasses and quicklime was used. The molasses itself had a water content of 20 mass%.
    The following commercially available molasses was used in the binder system; Sugar Cane Molasses from Tate & Lyle with a total sugar content of 51%.
    As burnt lime in the binder system burnt lime white fine lime from Walhalla Kalk was used.
    For impregnation bitumen and commercial hydraulic oil was used as impregnating agent. As bitumen Mexphalte 55 Shell was used. The commercial hydraulic oil used was less viscous than the bitumen under the conditions of use.
    The admixture of the impregnating agent bitumen was carried out in a Pfugscharmischer the company Lödige type FM130D, the other mixtures were prepared in a batch mixer type R08 W from Eirich.
    The kneading machine from Köppern used for kneading purposes consisted of a vertical cylindrical container, through which a centrally rotating shaft with kneading arms is guided.
    The production of the green compacts was carried out by means of a trial roller press type 52/10 from Köppern. The selected pillow-shaped format for the green compacts had a nominal volume of 20 cm3. The task of the material to be pressed was done by means of gravitational arbiter. From the experimental roller press associations were made consisting of several green compacts. These associations contain green compacts both in the margins of the associations and in the middle of the associations.
    In order to obtain individual green compacts or individual compacts for determining the fall resistance or the point compressive strength, the bandages are broken along the dividing seams between the individual green compacts. As a rule, the associations break up during discharge from the trial roller press to individual green compacts. * ♦ * * «* + *« * * · · · * + * «i» t · · · · * + «II k« ***** * · * f 2010P13730AT ..... 16 ... ...
    After kneading in the kneader, the kneaded mixtures were subjected to pressing as a material to be pressed in the trial roll press to produce green compacts.
    The resulting green compacts are still soft - which is indicated in the jargon by the word "green" - and are subjected to a cure to get to the finished compact. This hardening can be carried out, for example, by at least partial drying by storage in air and / or thermal treatment.
    After pressing, individual green compacts were examined immediately, in the jargon green, for drop resistance (SF) and puncture resistance (PDF). The results of these studies are shown in the "immediate" columns for PDF and SF.
    Fall and dot compressive strength measurements were repeated after 1 hour air cure and after 24 hour air cure. The results of these studies are shown in the columns containing "1h" and "24h".
    In the fall test (based on ASTM D440) to determine the fall resistance, a 2 kg sample of green compacts or compressed by drying in air or by thermal drying compacts four times through a downpipe from a height of 5 m into a container, the bottom Is formed in the form of a solid steel plate. The drop tube has a diameter of 200 mm and the collecting container has a diameter of 260 mm. The thickness of the steel plate is 12 mm. The evaluation of the fall test by sieve analysis takes place after the second and fourth fall. The values for falling strength SF in Table 1 indicate the fraction of the grain fraction> 20 mm after four falls, respectively. For the determination of the dot compressive strength, a type 469 testing machine from ERICHSEN was used. In this test method individual green compacts or hardened by drying in air or by thermal drying compacts clamped between two conditions, of which the lower is coupled to a load cell and the upper is continuously tracked by spindle drive for applying a creeping swelling pressure load. The lower edition is formed by a round plate of 80 mm diameter and the upper by a horizontal round iron of 10 mm diameter. The feed rate for the upper edition is 8 mm / min. The * i * I ·· »» I * * t ··· «» »4 *« * · I · · * * * · «* * *« «· 4 · 2010P13730AT ..... 17 .. ....
    Dot crush strength PDF is recorded as the maximum load bearing of a green or hardened compact before breakage - the entries in Table 1 indicate the average dot crush strength at break due to dot pressure loading in Newton. In each case, six green compacts or compacts from 5 in the middle region and six green compacts or pellets from the edge region of the bandages obtained in the trial roller press were examined. From the data obtained in these studies, averages were calculated, with the minimum and maximum values, respectively, being disregarded. The mean values are given in Table 1. 10
    Table 1
    Trial PDF [N] PDF [N] PDF [N] SF SF number immediately 1h 24h immediately 1h 1 76 117 136 48 39 2 69 117 178 72 68
    In Experiment 1, a mixture of 70% by weight of Ensham coal having a mean particle size d50 of 0.95 mm together with 30% by weight of Ensham carbon having a mean particle size d50 of 0.57 mm was used as the green coal particles to be processed into compacts. This material to be processed into compacts was processed into compacts by impregnating it by subjecting the coal to be processed to drying and then bringing it to a desired grain size by granulation. The carbon particles thus obtained are subjected to an impregnation step
    Subjected to addition of bitumen. To the carbon particles thus obtained then takes place the addition of a water-containing binder system, in this case molasses with the addition of the solid, finely divided binder component quicklime, with mixing, wherein the mixing can be one or more stages. The resulting mixture is subjected to kneading and pressing. The product obtained after curing is the briquette.
    Ensham coal comes from Ensham Resources of Queensland, Australia. * «* * * * ♦ * * •» * «* * * * · 18
    2010P13730AT
    The molasses in the water-containing binder system was used in an amount of 8% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts. The molasses itself contained a proportion of 20% by weight of water. In addition to molasses, the water-containing binder system consisted of 2% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts, Ensham coal, of burnt lime.
    Dot crush strength and crash resistance at different times are given in Table 1, first data column.
    In experiment 2 by the process according to the invention, the same material to be processed into compacts was used. The entire Ensham coal used was impregnated with commercial hydraulic oil and allowed to rest overnight. The amount of oil used was 2% by weight based on the weight of Ensham coal to be processed into compacts. Then the entire Ensham coal already impregnated with oil was impregnated with bitumen. The amount of bitumen used was 2% by weight, based on the weight of the material to be processed into compacts. After impregnation with bitumen, the processing was carried out analogously to experiment 1 after its only impregnation step.
    It can be seen that a two-stage impregnation results in compacts having higher resistance to impact compared to compacts produced by a single-stage impregnation and having a higher puncture resistance after 24 hours.
    Brief description of the drawings
    The method according to the invention is outlined below with reference to the block diagrams shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
    According to FIG. 1, the coal 1 to be processed into compacts, in this case briquettes, is subjected to drying 2 and then brought to a desired grain size by granulation 3. The carbon particles 4 thus obtained are then subjected to a first impregnation step 6 with the addition of a first impregnating agent 5. The product 7 of the first impregnation step 6 is subjected to a second impregnation step 8 with a second impregnation agent 9. To the product 10 of the second
    2010P13730AT
    Impregnation step 8 then takes place the addition of a water-containing binder system 11, in this case molasses with the addition of solid, finely divided binder components of quicklime, with mixing 12, wherein the mixing 12 may be one or more stages. The mixture 13 thus obtained is subjected to kneading 14 and then to pressing 15. The product 17 obtained after curing 16 is the briquette.
    Generally, in the production of compacts according to the present invention, the addition of the molasses / quicklime binder system to the product to be processed can be done by adding molasses and quicklime at the same time, or by adding quicklime and molasses in succession.
    In the case of the use of impregnating agents, such as, for example, bitumen, it is preferred that at first a partial amount of the molasses intended for the preparation of the compacts is added, then a mixture takes place and then quicklime is added. After the resulting mixture has been allowed to stand, the remainder of the molasses intended for the preparation of the compacts is added. Subset and residual amount in total provide the intended for the production of the pellets molasses. The advantage of this procedure is that a kneading of the quicklime in soft impregnating agent is avoided or reduced during mixing of the material to be processed to compacts with the water-containing Bindemitteisystem.
    In the case of impregnation, it may occur occurrence that necessary for the quenching reaction of quicklime moisture is not sufficiently available - in non-impregnated coals, this moisture can be removed from the lime from the coal particles. In this case, it is necessary to wet the impregnated coals with moisture. This can be done with water or part of the aqueous molasses of the binder system. For this purpose, up to half, preferably up to one third of the molasses can be used.
    20
    2010P13730AT
    LIST OF REFERENCES 1 coal 2 drying 5 3 granules 4 carbon particles 5 first impregnating agent 6 first impregnating step 7 product of the first impregnating step 10 8 second impregnating step 9 second impregnating agent 10 product of the second impregnating step 11 water-containing binder system 12 mixing 15 13 mixture 14 kneading 15 pressing 16 hardening 17 after hardening product
    2010P13730AT 21 * * * * * »« t 4 · * Λ Λ t * · «* • 4 ♦» • * * f 4 «* * l 4 * 4 * * 4 #
    List of quotations
    Patent Literature W002 / 50219A1 5 WO9901583A1 AT005765U1
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1]
    · F f f f f f f f f f f Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Ansprüche Carbon particles containing the carbon particles are mixed with a water-containing binder system and the resulting mixture is further processed by pressing into pellets, characterized in that before mixing with the water-containing binder system at least a subset of the carbon particles is subjected to at least two impregnation steps, in which it is impregnated with at least one substance.
    [2]
    2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that an impregnation step of vapor deposition of the carbon particles with the substance from spraying the coal particles with the substance, by mixing the substance into a moving bed of coal particles, or by mixing the substance into a fluidized bed of carbon particles consists.
    [3]
    3) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the substance, are impregnated with the carbon particles, water.
    [4]
    4) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance, are impregnated with the carbon particles, a water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance.
    [5]
    5) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance, are impregnated with the carbon particles, an aqueous solution of a substance or a mixture of substances.
    [6]
    6) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance, are impregnated with the carbon particles, an aqueous suspension of solid colloids, wherein the solid has water-repellent properties is.
    [7]
    7) Method according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the substance, are impregnated with the carbon particles, an emulsion containing on the one hand water and on the other hand carbonaceous substances, is. ··· *****************************************************************************************************
    [8]
    8) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower limit of the amount of added in the at least two impregnation steps substance 0.3% by weight, preferably 0.5% by weight, particularly preferably 1% by weight, and the upper limit. 5 % By weight, preferably 3% by weight, particularly preferably 2% by weight, based on the weight of the carbon particles to be processed into compacts.
    [9]
    9) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder system contains molasses and quicklime or hydrated lime.
    [10]
    10) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder system contains an emulsion of bitumen in water.
    [11]
    11) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that iron or iron oxide-containing particles are processed in a mixture with the coal particles.
    [12]
    12) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compact is subjected to a heat treatment after the pressing.
    [13]
    13) Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carbon particles are subjected to a heat treatment after the impregnation step prior to mixing with the water-containing binder system.
    [14]
    14) compact containing up to 97% by weight of carbon particles, and up to
    [15]
    15% by weight of components of a binder system, characterized in that it contains, based on the weight of the material to be processed pellets, carbon particles, water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substances, or solids with water-repellent properties, in an amount whose lower limit 0.5% by weight , preferably 1% by weight, and the upper limit of which is 5% by weight, preferably 3% by weight, more preferably 2% by weight * p * * * ♦ 2010P13730AT • tie pp * »# 4 24» 15) Pressing according to claim 14 , characterized in that the water-insoluble and / or water-repellent substance belongs to the group of substances consisting of waxes, organic coking or refinery products, as well as plastics or waste plastics, and used oil. 5
    [16]
    16) compact according to one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the compact also contains iron or iron oxide-containing particles.
    [17]
    17) Use of a compact according to one of claims 14 to 16 10 in a process for producing pig iron in a fixed bed as a carbon carrier or in a process for the production of carbon carriers for a process for producing pig iron in a fixed bed.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    EP2593536B1|2014-10-29|
    AT510135B1|2016-11-15|
    EP2593536A1|2013-05-22|
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    JP4805802B2|2006-12-13|2011-11-02|株式会社神戸製鋼所|Method and apparatus for producing solid fuel|
    AT507851B1|2009-01-16|2017-10-15|Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH|PROCESS FOR PREPARING PRESS LENDS CONTAINING COAL PARTICLES|
    AT510136B1|2010-07-12|2016-11-15|Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH|PROCESS FOR PREPARING PRESS LENDS CONTAINING COAL PARTICLES|CN106525525B|2016-10-21|2020-02-04|中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司|Manufacturing method of artificial coal core standard test piece|
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    法律状态:
    2021-03-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200712 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA1179/2010A|AT510135B1|2010-07-12|2010-07-12|PROCESS FOR PREPARING PRESS LENDS CONTAINING COAL PARTICLES|ATA1179/2010A| AT510135B1|2010-07-12|2010-07-12|PROCESS FOR PREPARING PRESS LENDS CONTAINING COAL PARTICLES|
    KR1020137003563A| KR20130096705A|2010-07-12|2011-07-08|Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles|
    US13/809,968| US20130174695A1|2010-07-12|2011-07-08|Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles|
    EP11738661.5A| EP2593536B1|2010-07-12|2011-07-08|Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles|
    PCT/EP2011/061619| WO2012007385A1|2010-07-12|2011-07-08|Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles|
    CN201180033650.0A| CN102959058B|2010-07-12|2011-07-08|Method for producing pressed articles containing coal particles|
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